[17] The railway reached this location on 24 December 1902, a date which may be considered the day of Dire Dawa's foundation. [18] The new name, however, did not win recognition. For financial and diplomatic reasons the railway was not continued until 1909 and the final inauguration of the whole line from Djibouti to Addis Ababa-again delayed by the revolution of 1916-only took place on 7 June 1917.
During all this time, Dire Dawa was practically the town profited much and became a "boom city", attracting most of the trade which formerly passed through Harar. By 1902 the Ethiopian government, anticipating the future economic importance of Dire Dawa, had already transferred the customs station for trade with the Red Sea from Gildessa to Dire Dawa. [19] Dire Dawa developed into two settlements separated by the Dechatu River, which was dry for most of the year and became a torrent only when it rained. The north-western part of the town was planned and constructed very regularly, mostly by the engineers of the railway company.
During the Italian invasion, Mussolini ordered that Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa be spared air attacks (which included the use of chemical weapons such as mustard gas) and other destruction as a response to the demands of the United States and certain European countries for the safety of their citizens. The Italian army entered the country from the colonies of Eritrea in the north and Somalia in the southeast. Following all major engagements of the war, Dire Dawa was the location of the meeting of the two Italian forces. General Graziani's units, advancing from Harar, reached the city's barbed-wire fence on 6 May 1936, the day after the occupation of Addis Ababa and Emperor Haile Selassie's flight along the railroad to Djibouti and Palestine.
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The town remained under British Military Administration, being the headquarters for the British Reserved Area, till it was handed over to the Ethiopian government in 1947. In the following decades the town greatly expanded and the population grew to 160, 000. The infrastructure was ameliorated and several industrial plants were established. [19] Following the restoration of the empire in 1941, Dire Dawa was among the early provincial towns to have its own soccer league. Around 1947, their team—the Taffari—participated in the Ethiopian Championship series.
At first, this part of the town mostly housed the employees of the railway company, but it later attracted, besides the French, also Greeks, Armenians, other Europeans and Arabs, who opened shops and hotels and founded some industry as well. In 1909 the French Capuchin Mission settled in Dire Dawa. At that time Dire Dawa looked like a French town. [17] The other part of the town, southeast of the river, concentrated around the market and was inhabited mainly by Ethiopian, Somali and a few Arab traders. In September 1916 the fleeing troops of Lij Iyasu took hold of the town. Though Lij Iyasu's governor there, the Syrian Hasib al-Idlibi, assured their security, 400 Europeans left the town and the rail traffic had to be suspended.
6% are Ethiopian Orthodox, 2. 8% Protestant, and 0. 4% Catholic. [42] Traditionally the Nole Oromo clan used the area as grazing land, and farming in the Laga Harre district. They live alongside the Gurgura clan which share both Oromo and Somali identities, speaking the Oromo language and tracing their genealogy to the Dir, a Somali clan family. [29] The Issa subclan of the Dir make up a significant number of urban and rural Dire Dawa, whereas a sizeable portion of the Gadabuursi subclan of the Dir mainly reside in the rural areas to the east of the chartered city state. [43] I. M.
Dire Dawa Kenema - Defence Force h2h stats - MatchStat
6(45. 7) 1. 0(33. 8) Average rainfall mm (inches) 15(0. 6) 27(1. 1) 74(2. 9) 113(4. 4) 78(3. 1) 42(1. 7) 115(4. 5) 158(6. 2) 105(4. 1) 36(1. 4) 16(0. 6) 13(0. 5) 792(31. 1) Average rainy days (≥ 0. 1 mm) 2 3 7 10 6 5 11 14 1 74 Average relative humidity (%) 55 56 47 44 50 53 52 45 49 51 Average dew point °C (°F) 11(52) 12(54) 15(59) 14(57) 16(61) 13(56) Mean monthly sunshine hours 294. 5 265.
dire-dawa. gov. et Dire Dawa (Amharic: ድሬዳዋ, Oromo: Dirree Dhawaa, lit. 'Place of Remedy';[6] Somali: Diridhaba, meaning "where Dir hit his spear into the ground" or "The true Dir", Arabic: ديري داوا, [7][8]) is a city in eastern Ethiopia near the Oromia and Somali Region border and one of two chartered cities in Ethiopia (the other being Addis Ababa, the capital). Dire Dawa alongside present-day Sitti Zone were apart of the Dire Dawa autonomous region stipulated in the 1987 Ethiopian Constitution until 1993 when it was split by the federal government into a separately administered chartered city.
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6 257. 3 246. 0 244. 9 204. 0 220. 1 234. 0 248. 0 282. 0 300. 7 3, 042 Mean daily sunshine hours 9. 5 9. 4 8. 3 8. 2 7. 9 6. 8 7. 1 7. 8 8. 0 9. 7 Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst, [35] World Meteorological Organisation (rainfall 1981–2010)[36] Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows), [37] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015)[38] Demographics[edit] Ethnic groups of Dire Dawa (2007)[39] Other (5. 5%) Religion in Dire Dawa (2007)[40] Other (0. 2%) The projected population for 1 July 2015 was 440, 000 for the entire chartered city and 277, 000 for the city proper, making the latter the seventh largest city in Ethiopia. [3] Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), Dire Dawa had a population of 341, 834, of whom 171, 461 were men and 170, 461 women. 233, 224 or 68.
The original failed company was reörganized as the joint-government Franco-Ethiopian Railway in 1908 and, after a period of financial negotiation and recapitalization, construction began anew, linking the city with the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa in 1917. The Dire Dawa-Harar road was improved in 1928, shortening the travel time to only a few hours. [22] In 1931, the Bank of Ethiopia opened its first branch in the city[23] and, a generation later, the writer C. F. Rey described the city as the most "advanced" urban center in the area, with good roads, electric lights, and piped water. [24] 1936–1941: Italian occupation[edit] Italian troops taking possession of the Dire Dawa railway station in 1936 On 9 May 1936 Dire Dawa was occupied by Italian troops coming from Harar, after Somali troops from Djibouti had prevented looting during the period of interregnum.
[46] Transportation[edit] Dire Dawa Railway Station Dire Dawa is served by a station on the Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway, which is located 10 km northwest of the city centre close to the town of Melka Jebdu. In addition, the city is served by the Ethio-Djibouti Railways with its western terminus located in the city centre. The Dire Dawa Airport offers flights to and from the city. Additionally, the Selam Bus Line Share Company provides inter-city bus service.
23% of the population were urban inhabitants. For all of Dire Dawa, 76, 815 households were counted living in 72, 937 housing units, which resulted in an average of 4. 5 persons per household, with urban households having 4. 2 people per household on average, and rural households 4. 9 people. Ethnic groups in the region include the Oromo (116, 958, 46%), Somali (83, 069, 24%), Amhara (108, 962, 20%), Gurage (15, 543, 4. 5%), among other groups (5. 5%). [41] The religion with the most believers in Dire Dawa is Islam with 50. 9%, 45.
Many Europeans, Yemeni Arabs, and Indians left Dire Dawa; the Greek and Armenian churches were eventually closed due to dwindling membership. On 3 February 1975, the Derg announced that the Cotton Company of Ethiopia was among 14 textile enterprises to be fully nationalized. The cement factory was also later nationalized. In August 1976, the entire leadership of the local branch of the teachers' union was sacked for alleged anti-revolutionary activities.
Dire Dawa Kenema vs Defence Force H2H
Lewis (1998) states: "Including the land round Harar and Dire Dawa inhabited by the Somalis of the 'Iise and Gadabuursi clans. "[44] A map of the regions and zones of Ethiopia According to the CSA, as of 2004, 90. 76% of the population had safe drinking water: 69. 61% of rural and 99. 48% of urban inhabitants having access. [45] Values for other reported common indicators of the standard of living for Dire Dawa as of 2005 include the following: 11. 4% of the inhabitants fall into the lowest wealth quintile; adult literacy for men is 76. 6% and for women 53%; and the civic infant mortality rate is 71 infant deaths per 1, 000 live births, which is less than the nationwide average of 77; at least half of these deaths occurred in the infants’ first month of life.
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